In the past few years, we have witnessed Japan develop its regulatory framework for integrated resorts. At the same time, Brazil has launched online sports betting, and the UAE is well on its way to both land-and-online frameworks. As jurisdictions like Alberta and Chile look to launch gaming regimes soon, what are the critical paths they need to achieve? How do policymakers craft the right balance between building a framework that brings in sufficient taxation, protects players, but also offers sufficient ROI for operators looking to invest? How should their online approach differ from their land-based? What can go wrong with constitutional issues that can spring up at the last moment? Drafting the right regulatory framework while integrating it into current law can be challenging enough in addition to properly setting up, and staffing a regulatory body, add to that how each then approaches the reality of operational delivery and enforcement against the black market.